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Configuring Linux *

Eternal euphoria

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Wie ich ein einfaches Monitoring von Kanälen mit Benachrichtigungen an Slack ohne Erfahrung gemacht habe

Level of difficulty Easy
Reading time 3 min
Views 536

Arbeiten im technischen Support brachte zusätzlich zu allen Aufgaben die Pflicht mit sich, die Kommunikationskanäle zu überwachen. Dies wurde über den Grafana-Dienst realisiert, der die erforderlichen Metriken aus Zabbix bezog. Da die Art der Arbeit jedoch bedeutete, dass man nicht immer an seinem Arbeitsplatz sitzt, kam mir die Idee, dies ein wenig zu automatisieren und Benachrichtigungen auf das Telefon oder zum Beispiel in einen Messenger zu erhalten, falls ein Kommunikationskanal ausfällt. Allerdings hatte ich keinen Zugriff auf das Zabbix-System und auch keinen erweiterten Zugriff auf Grafana.

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Total votes 5: ↑5 and ↓0 +5
Comments 0

Make first deb-src package by example cri-o

Reading time 9 min
Views 1.9K


Overview


Once every true-linux engineer gets a trouble: there is no any software in his distro or it's built without needed options. I am keen on the phrase: "Only source control gives you freedom".


Of course, you can build this software on your computer without any src-packages, directly (with simplification: configure, make, make install). But it's a non-reproducible solution, also hard for distribution.


The better way is to make distro-aligned package that can be built if needed and that produces lightly distributed binary-packages. It's about debian-source packages(debian,ubuntu,etc), pkgbuild (for arch), ebuild for gentoo, src-rpm for red hat-based, and many others.


I will use cri-o like a specimen.


Before reading the text below I strongly recommend to get familiarized with the official Debian policy manual placed here and debhelper manpage.


Also you will be required to setup some variables like DEBMAIL and DEBFULLNAME for proper data in changelog and other places.

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Total votes 1: ↑1 and ↓0 +1
Comments 2

How I gave my old laptop second life

Reading time 16 min
Views 2.8K

17-19 min read

Hi y'all, my name is Labertte and I use Arch btw.
Probably like every other Linux user, I'd like to buy a ThinkPad, put some lightweight distribution like Arch or Gentoo on it, and then go to Starbucks, get a soy latte and tell everyone that I use "linux". But I decided to go a little different route and give a chance to my old laptop that I was using about five or seven years ago.

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Total votes 2: ↑1 and ↓1 0
Comments 4

PHDays 11: bootkit infection, sanitizers for the Linux kernel, the new face of OSINT, and phishing on official websites

Reading time 3 min
Views 1.5K

Positive Hack Days 11 will begin in a matter of weeks. This international forum on practical security will be held on May 18–19 in Moscow.

As per tradition, PHDays will have three big tracks dedicated to countering attacks (defensive), protection through attack (offensive), and the impact of cybersecurity on business. It is our pleasure to present the first talks.

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Total votes 1: ↑0 and ↓1 -1
Comments 0

Introducing into calamares bootloader

Reading time 13 min
Views 4.5K


Overview


Sometimes all of us need to make a graphical installer for one's own linux distro. It goes without saying that you are able to use a distro-specific installer like Anaconda for RedHat-based or DebianInstaller for debian-based. On the other hand Calamares is a graphical installer which is not aligned with only one package manager.


I want to share my experience how to make a universal install solution with GUI. I did not find any complete article about it, hence, I reinvented the wheel.

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Total votes 2: ↑2 and ↓0 +2
Comments 0

Windows and Linux (Fedora KDE): difference, configuration, dual-boot

Reading time 31 min
Views 2.8K

I reinstalled both Windows and Linux (Fedora) recently on a notebook PC, and I decided to write the summary article about my experience with both OS. I'm also going to describe how to configure each OS via command-line and set up a dual-boot system.

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Total votes 3: ↑3 and ↓0 +3
Comments 0

Enhancing security of containers in Linux

Reading time 12 min
Views 1.6K

In any history textbooks, the modern time has already been called the time of the next change of the industrial structure or the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). The main role, in this case, is given to information and IT systems. In an attempt to reduce the cost of IT infrastructure, unify and accelerate the process of developing IT solutions, humanity first invented "clouds" in order to replace traditional data centers, and then containers to replace virtual machines.

Clearly, containers appear more vulnerable from a security point of view. What are the advantages of containerization over virtualization? In fact, there are quite a lot of them:

the possibility of more flexible use of available resources (no need to backup them as in the case of virtual machines);

the ability to save resources (no need to spend them on many copies of the OS for each virtual machine);

no delays at startup (just start of the process is almost instantaneous compared to the time needed to load the virtual machine);

 the interaction between processes, even if isolated, is much easier to implement when needed than between virtual machines. That is how, by the way, came the concept of microservices, which has recently become very popular.

All of the above led to the very rapid development of container technologies, despite the recurring problems with the security of already deployed container cloud systems, their hacks, and data leaks. Accordingly, the work on strengthening container security is also continuing. This is what will be discussed further in this article.

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Total votes 3: ↑3 and ↓0 +3
Comments 0

How to Recover Data from RAID 5, 1, 0 on Linux

Reading time 5 min
Views 6.5K
In this article, you will find a detailed tutorial on data recovery from RAID 0, 1 or 5. The array we have been testing was built on Linux, and the methods described here will help you recover your files even if one or several disks break down.

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Total votes 2: ↑1 and ↓1 0
Comments 0

Data Recovery from LVM Volumes in Linux

Reading time 5 min
Views 12K
Would you like to know how to use the LVM technology in Linux? How to create an LVM volume, how to configure and mount it in your operating system, how to add and remove disks, and how to recover the information you have accidentally deleted? In today’s article, you will find all of that – and even more.

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Total votes 15: ↑3 and ↓12 -9
Comments 7

Using kconfig for own projects

Reading time 4 min
Views 8.8K

Intro


Every Linux professional write scripts. Someеimes light, linear. Sometimes complex script with functions and libs(yes, you can write your bash-library for use in other scripts).


But some of the scripts need a configuration file to work. For instance, I wrote a script that builds the ubuntu image for pxe, and I need to change the build process without build-script changes. The best way to resolve this task is to add configuration files.

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Total votes 2: ↑2 and ↓0 +2
Comments 6

Boot Ubuntu via http/ftp server with pxe(diskless boot)

Reading time 5 min
Views 19K

Intro


PXE is a great solution for booting a diskless computer (or a computer without an OS installed). This method is often used for terminal stations and OS mass installation.


Stock ubuntu (16.04) in pxe-mode can mount rootfs only from NFS. But this is not a great idea: any difficulties with the network/NFS server and the user gets problems.


In my opinion, it's best to use other protocols, such as http/ftp. Once booting, you will have an independent system

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Total votes 6: ↑6 and ↓0 +6
Comments 3

External Interrupts in the x86 system. Part 2. Linux kernel boot options

Reading time 14 min
Views 7.9K

In the last part we discussed evolution of the interrupt delivery process from the devices in the x86 system (PIC → APIC → MSI), general theory, and all the necessary terminology.


In this practical part we will look at how to roll back to the use of obsolete methods of interrupt delivery in Linux, and in particular we will look at Linux kernel boot options:


  • pci=nomsi
  • noapic
  • nolapic

Also we will look at the order in which the OS looks for interrupt routing tables (ACPI/MPtable/$PIR) and what the impact is from the following boot options:


  • pci=noacpi
  • acpi=noirq
  • acpi=off

You've probably used some combination of these options when one of the devices in your system hasn't worked correctly because of an interrupt problem. We'll go through these options and find out what they do and how they change the kernel '/proc/interrupts' interface output.

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Total votes 2: ↑2 and ↓0 +2
Comments 0

Porting packages to buildroot using the Zabbix example

Reading time 16 min
Views 4.6K


The basics of porting


Originally, Buildroot offers a limited number of packages. It makes sense — there is everything you need, but any other packages can be added.


To add a package, create 2 description files, an optional checksum file, and add a link to the package in the general package list. There are hooks at different stages of the build. At the same time, Buildroot can recognize the needed type of packages:

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Total votes 2: ↑2 and ↓0 +2
Comments 0

How I fix cups-printing in Buildroot

Reading time 7 min
Views 2.2K

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Intro


Like I said earlier in previos articles, Buildroot is a great system for embedded Linux development. But sometimes strange things can happen.


Once upon a workday, I got the following task: add printing system in firmware (Kraftway terminal Linux next generation). Ok, so I had to add cups + cups filter and to build firmware. I set a postscript-printer and got an error "Filter failed". Trivial tasks turned into serious work.


In this article, I wrote my own way of solving this problem. It may be useful for other developers and IT-specialist and, also, for a deeper understanding of the Buildroot.


If you are a Buildroot beginner, I recommend reading my previous articles.


Update 1 may 2020


Revisioned versions of this patches applied to master.

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Total votes 2: ↑1 and ↓1 0
Comments 0

buildroot — my own experience with multi-platform distro creation

Reading time 5 min
Views 5.4K

Introduction


In my previous article (Monitor linux) I wrote, what is this distro and how it works. Now i will write how to do it. It's may be interesting for everyone, who want to study buildroot.


Target goals


The result we get from article is the following:


  • Firmware (non-volatile image with restorable config)
  • Easy management via web-interface
  • Cross-platform (qemu x86_64, arm-based SBC like rasberry 4, beagle bone black and asus tinker board)
  • Support without extra effort
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Total votes 8: ↑6 and ↓2 +4
Comments 2

Cool WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) tips and tricks

Reading time 3 min
Views 4.3K
It's no secret I dig WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux) and now that WSL2 is available in Windows Insiders Slow it's a great time to really explore the options that are available. What I'm finding is so interesting about WSL and how it relates to the Windows system around it is how you can cleanly move data between worlds. This isn't an experience you can easily have with full virtual machines, and it speaks to the tight integration of Linux and Windows.

Look at all this cool stuff you can do when you mix your peanut butter and chocolate!

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Total votes 5: ↑3 and ↓2 +1
Comments 1

Lessons learned from testing Over 200,000 lines of Infrastructure Code

Reading time 11 min
Views 3.1K


IaC (Infrastructure as Code) is a modern approach and I believe that infrastructure is code. It means that we should use the same philosophy for infrastructure as for software development. If we are talking that infrastructure is code, then we should reuse practices from development for infrastructure, i.e. unit testing, pair programming, code review. Please, keep in mind this idea while reading the article.


Russian Version

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Total votes 5: ↑5 and ↓0 +5
Comments 4

WSL 2 is now available in Windows Insiders

Reading time 3 min
Views 4K

We’re excited to announce starting today you can try the Windows Subsystem for Linux 2 by installing Windows build 18917 in the Insider Fast ring! In this blog post we’ll cover how to get started, the new wsl.exe commands, and some important tips. Full documentation about WSL 2 is available on our docs page.


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Total votes 19: ↑18 and ↓1 +17
Comments 1
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